投资持股关系中的“共享审计师”效应研究

以2007—2015年我国资本市场上具有投资持股关系的上市公司为样本，通过研究持股方和被持股方聘请同一家会计师事务所对持股双方各自审计收费和审计质量的影响，探讨投资持股关系的“共享审计师”中，“信息共享”效应与“低价揽客”效应谁更明显。研究表明，当具有持股关系的两家公司共同聘请同一家会计师事务所后，“信息共享”效应更明显，表现为持股双方的财务报表审计质量和持股方的审计收费显著提升。进一步研究发现：持股双方在不同情况下会选择性价比最高，最有利于自身的方式来获取信息，以谋求“信息共享”效应最大化。     

Do country risk and financial uncertainty matter for energy commodity futures?

Using an instrumental variable quantile regression technique, this paper assesses whether country risk and financial uncertainty exert an impact on energy commodity futures prices under different commodity conditional return distributions over the period from January 1994 to July 2017. We also discuss whether the correlations change with different dimensions of country risk, that is economic, financial, and political. The results reveal that country risk and financial stress do have a significant impact on energy commodity returns of futures contracts with different maturities, but their direction, intensity, and significance differ, caused by the distinct market situations and divergent channels of country risk.     

Sustainability Northwest: An Integrative Case of a Not‐for‐Profit Organization

Sustainability Northwest (SNW) is a fictional not‐for‐profit organization (NPO) that seeks to develop thought leaders for a sustainable future. This instructional case allows professors to assign students with up to six different roles, including SNW's chair of the board, executive director, volunteer treasurer, and the external auditor. Unique learning objectives include (i) the application of the CPA Canada Handbook, Accounting—Part III to prepare an NPO's financial statements using fund accounting, (ii) the development of recommendations to improve an NPO's board of directors, (iii) the analysis of system flow documents to identify control weaknesses, and (iv) the preparation of an audit planning memo. Instructors can use this case in several milieus. First, professors can foster a student's ability to integrate technical knowledge by (i) assigning students all six roles in a capstone course to promote integration within an individual course or (ii) assigning multiple roles across multiple courses to promote integration across a program of studies. Second, instructors can focus on a particular technical skill by assigning specific roles. This case is ideal for senior‐level undergraduate students or graduate students.     

国家审计能促进国有企业全要素生产率增长吗?

如何促进国有企业治理改善，实现高质量发展，是当前国有企业审计亟须解决的问题。基于2010—2018年审计署公布的中央企业财务收支审计结果公告，采用双重差分模型实证检验国家审计对中央企业控股上市公司全要素生产率的影响及其作用机理。研究发现，国家审计能提高中央企业控股上市公司全要素生产率，主要体现在被审计当年及之后两年，通过扩大国家审计监督内容覆盖广度、拓展国家审计目标深度和加强国家审计权限行使力度实现。进一步发现，国家审计能通过促进中央企业控股上市公司增加研发投入、提高内部控制质量、抑制高管超额在职消费、缓解第一类代理问题等改善公司治理水平，提高全要素生产率。这对优化国有企业审计治理机制，提高全要素生产率，助推经济高质量发展具有启示意义。     

信息技术与国家审计质量——基于违规金额和地区生产总值的视角

基于信息技术在审计领域的不断应用和“科技强审”“审计全覆盖”的政策驱动背景，探讨信息技术和国家审计质量之间的关系。研究发现，社会信息化环境提高给国家审计质量带来了负面影响，而国家审计机关选择加大信息化投入，开展信息化建设、组织审计人员参加信息技术培训的应对策略，能显著改善社会信息化环境对审计质量带来的冲击，提高国家审计质量。当前信息技术已进入大数据时代，研究结论对国家审计机关持续开展信息化建设和加强信息技术培训提供启示；审计人员更应该提高信息化审计分析技能，提升审计效率，保证审计质量，使得信息技术更好地为国家审计工作服务。     

审计师行业专长对审计重要性水平的影响——基于股权性质的调节作用研究

审计师行业专长意味着在特定领域较强的专业胜任能力,对于防范审计风险和提高审计质量都有显著影响。围绕审计师行业专长影响审计重要性水平这一主题，结合股权性质的调节作用，选取2016—2018年沪深两市A股上市公司作为研究对象，进行实证检验。结果表明，审计师行业专长对重要性水平有正向影响，如果被审计单位是国有控股上市公司，审计师行业专长与重要性水平的正相关关系更显著。这对审计机构人力资源配置、监管部门完善相关制度及监督工作具有参考价值。     

新审计报告与资本市场的信息反应——来自股价同步性和股价预测能力双维度的经验证据

新审计报告准则的施行旨在增加审计报告的信息含量及其决策相关性。以2015—2018年沪深非金融上市公司为样本，研究发现新审计报告施行后，上市公司的股价同步性显著下降，公司特质信息含量比例显著上升，股价特质信息效率显著提升,同时新审计报告的施行产生了增量信息。在此基础上，进一步分析新审计报告准则对资本市场特质信息效率的传导机制，发现投资者关注度对新审计报告(关键审计事项的披露数量)影响资本市场特质信息效率的过程中表现出显著的部分中介效应。分样本检验的结果表明，虽然AH股共同上市公司和非AH股共同上市公司之间的结果存在细微差异但整体趋势相似。通过对新审计报告的影响的分析，可以更好地理解该政策对资本市场的影响。     

Analysis on supply chain risks in Indian apparel retail chains and proposal of risk prioritization model using Interpretive structural modeling

Indian apparel retail industry is on a complete transformation journey and trying to evolve as an organized industry. It is very common to find the disruption factors in every business and the ways to mitigate and manage them is of current research interest. The paper discusses the selective risks associated with the apparel retail supply chains in India by structural analysis of the controllable risks that are identified. The work also reveals the use of Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) to establish the interdependencies between these risks spread across various supply chain functions of retail industry. The relationships are established based on expert opinions using Delphi technique followed by ISM modeling technique and Fuzzy MICMAC analysis. It also classifies the risk factors based on their driving and dependence power. ISM is proved to be a useful tool to help understand the impact of risks at stages of retail supply chain. Globalization, labor issues and security and safety of resources turns out to be the strong drivers of other supply chain uncertainties. The domino effect of these risks leads to financial crises for the organization.The paper also proposes a new model for the Risk Priority Number (RPN) calculation using ISM and Fuzzy MICMAC methodology for the applications in retail and various other domain risk studies. The sample size of experts is small and to remove the biasness of opinion, the model can be further validated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in the future. The outcome would help practicing managers to analyze and to take actions for managing the factors by improving the bottom line of the organization by proper utilization of resources.     

Optimal penalty and accounting policy

This study considers risky investment projects under adverse selection and examines optimal penalties for erroneous auditing reports to maximize social welfare. These penalties give firms an incentive to choose accounting policies that maximize social welfare. We characterize the optimal penalties such that efficient firms choose an aggressive accounting policy and inefficient firms choose a conservative accounting policy.     

Firms’ performance following the initial resignation of independent directors: evidence from Taiwan

This study investigates the operating performance of firms listed on the Taiwan stock exchange following the initial resignation of independent directors. The results show that the firms’ operating performance following the resignation of these directors has not only deteriorated, but is also significantly below the industry average. In addition, firms with a relatively severe agency problem, including firms that have lower insider or institutional shareholdings, receive audit opinions other than unqualified opinions or change their auditors prior to the resignation of the independent directors, tend to perform more poorly following the resignation.